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Section 3 Citation and Referencing Formats（第2页）

Notes

APAfollowsanauthor-datepatternfauthors。Inthebodyhisiheauthor’ssurname（orfamilyname）followedbytheyearinwhichtheirublished。Thisauthor-datepatternbeusedinthebodyofasentenbracketsattheeeiswthatbyusingtheformer，therefereoftheseherefore，clarityofattributionisoftehemindofthereader。

（1）AgtoHolemesandSmith（1986），genderisanimportaureinlanguage。

（2）Genderisanimportaureinlanguage（Holmes&Smith，1986）。

AuthorTips

Thereisnorulegwhiethauthorsinthebodyofasentenbrackets—isbest。Eithermethodisfiisalwaysusefulforthereadertoprovidevarietywhengauthorsinyrytoalterhesetwomethods。

Yearisis，immediatelyfollowingauthors。Thefull“ahefullstopgoesafterthebrackets。Aaseparatesauthorsaheampersand“&”isused。

WhatYoushouldKnow

&ifyingAcademicSources

Thesourationyouentiyassigypianauthority。

Iing，anauthorityisusuallysomeonewhohasbeehorofpublishedmaterial。Thismaterialmayeintheformof:

Books

Journalarticles

Publishedreports

Onlinesources。。。

Thiskindofinformatiohatitprovidesevidence，whichmaybeintheformof—theoreticalideas，criticalevaluations，researgs，andscholarlyopinions

Academicsouration，orevidence，differfrom:

Yourownopinions，

soroutesofdissontheissuewithfrieives，

&y’sopinion，

ArtiagaziheWomen’sWeekly，

Opinionnsinneers（asopposedtoicles）。

Youlydrawoerialsforideastobedevelopedinydohemassourcesofevidenlessrequestedtointheassigrus。

&heIdeasofPublishedAuthors

Haviifiedacceptableacademicsourextsesidershowtoihesesourt。

&heprimaryfeaturesofacademigisusiuretosupportyourideas。Thisrequiresyoutoreadwidelyioseekoutthedifferentsidesofadebatearticularfieldofinquiry。

Inaseyassigssideredasvehiclesftheliteratureandfindingoutpointsreement，andvariabilityamohors。

Whatthismeansisthatyoueevidenceofyourliteratureexplorationbyingtheseauthorsinyaiosofview。Thisteiquetoauthorsinyisofteiingorirefereng。

Quoting，summarizingandparaphrasingarehelpfulforustoavoidplagiarismwhenbother’sideas，evidea，etc。

Aparaphraseisarewofanauthor’sideasintoone’sownwords。Itdemonstratesaandierialaosupportone’suments。

Howtodoit:

&ive。Useonlywhatisneededforyourownpurposes。

Useyourowingwithoutgthemeaningi。