第20章在殉国将士葬礼上的演说辞(1)
TheFuionofPericles
伯里克利Pericles
伯里克利(公元前495—公元前429),古雅典最伟大的政治家,贵族出身,却是民主派领袖,实行奴隶主民主政治。当政期间完成了奴隶主民主宪法,发展工商业,奖励文化,大兴土木。从公元前443年到公元前429年,他任将军委员会的首席将军,成为雅典的最高统治者。在他任职期间,雅典文化和国势都发展到巅峰状态。
Pragf
&hefollowingarticlecarefully,ahequestionsbelow。
1。WhatmakestheAthenianhappyandsatisfied?
2。Whatdoes“thedoubleadvahelastparagraph?
。。。
Ourstitutiocopythelawsofneighbstates;atterhanimitatorsourselves。Itsadministrationfavorsthemahefew;thisiswhyitiscalledademocracy。Ifwelooktothelaws,theyaffordequaljusticetoalliediffereosoding,advainpubliclifefallstoreputationforcapacity,siderationsnotbeierferewithmerit;naiybartheway;ifamaoservethestate,heisheobscurityofhis。Thefreedomwhijoverendsalsotoourordihere,farfrajealoussurveillaher,wedonotfeelcalledupontobeangrywithhbwhathelikes,oreventoihoseinjuriouslookswhiotfailtobeoffehoughtheyinfliopositivepenalty。Butallthiseaseinourprivaterelatiomakeuslawlessass。Againstthisfearisourchiefsafeguardteagustoobeythemagistratesandthelawsparticularlysuchasregardstheproteoftheihertheyareathestatutebtothatcodewhich,althoughuotbebrokenwithoutaowledgeddisgrace。
Furtherweprovideplehemiselffrombusiegamesandsacrificesallyearroundandtheeleganceofourprivateestablishmentsformsadailysourceofpleasureaobanishthespleehemagnitudeofourcitydrawstheproduceoftheworldintoourharbor,sothattotheAthesofothertriesareasfamiliaraluxuryasthoseofhisown。