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THE PARTS OF SPEECH（第1页）

THEPARTSOFSPEECH

ARTICLE

AnArticleisawordplacedbeforeanountoshowwhetherthenounisusedinaparticulareneralsense。

&woarticles，aoranandthe。

Aoraheiiclebecauseitdoesnotpointputanyparticularpersbutihenounisehus，amanmeansanymahespeciesorrace。

Theiscalledthedefiiclebecauseitpointsoutsomeparticularpers?thus，themanmeaidividual。

NOUN

AnounisthenameofanypersohingasJohn，London，book。Nounsareproperandon。

Propernounsarenamesappliedtoparticularpersonsorplaces。

onnounsarenamesappliedtoawholekindorspecies。

edbynumber，genderandcase。

&iionofthenounbywhidicatewhetheritrepresentsohanone。

&iionbywhiifywhetherthenounisthenameofamale，afemale，ofaniorsomethingwhiodistinofsex。

&iionofthenouhestateofthepersohied，asthesubjeaffirmatioheownerorpossessorofsomethiioheobjeaorofarelation。

Thusintheexample，"JohheleavesofSarah'sbook，"thedistiweenbookwhichrepresentsoandleaveswhichrepresenttwoormoreobjeekindisumber?thedistinofsexbetweenJohn，amale，andSarah，afemale，andbookahingswhiahermalenorfemale，isder?aioweenJohn，thepersohebook，aoftheaffirmation，Mary，theowhebook，leavestheobje，andbooktheobjectrelatedtoleaves，asthewholeofwhichtheyart，iscalledCase。

&IVE

Aiveisawordwhichqualifiesanoun，thatis，showsorpointsoutsomedistinguishingmarkorfeatureofthenoun?as，Ablackdog。

&iveshavethreeformscalleddegreesofparisoive，theparativeaive。

&iveisthesimpleformoftheadjectivewithininutioninalquality:nice。

&iveisthatformoftheadjectivewhichexpressesininutioy:

nicer。

&iveisthatformwhichexpressesthegreatestininutioy:。

or

Aiveisiiveformwheexpressparison?as，"Ari。"

Aiveisiiveformwhenitexpressesparisowoorbetweenoneaakeively，as，"Johha;?"heisriallthemeninBoston。"

Aiveisiiveformwhenitexpressesaparisoweenoneandanumberofindividualstakeely?as，"JohmaninBoston。"

&ivesexpressiveofpropertiesorceswhiotbeincreasedhaveoiveform?as，Acircularroad?thed?arememeasure。

&ivesareparedintwoways，eitherbyaddihepositivetoformtheparativeahepositivetoformthesuperlative，moretothepositivefortheparativeandmosttothepositiveforthesuperlative?as，handsome，handsomer，haorhandsome，morehahandsome。

&ivesoftwoormoresyllablesaregenerallyparedbyprefixi。Maivesareirregularinparison?as，Bad，wood，better，best。