奇书网>世界贸易组织法基本原则 > 第二节 贸易与劳工标准问题02（第1页）
第二节 贸易与劳工标准问题02（第1页）
第二节贸易与劳工标准问题02
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&ES-IMPORTPROHIBITIOAIN
SHRIMPANDSHRIMPPRODUCTS
（WTDS58R15May1998）
FAtheUes，pursuanttotheEnda，allseaturtlesthatoU。S。watersarelistedasehreateerseveralstudiesledtothethattheiureanddrowningofturtlesbyshrimptrawlerswasasignifiortalityfulationswereissuedrequiringshrimpfishermaurtleexcluderdevices（TEDs）ortowtimerestri1989，twoyearsaftertheissuaheseregulatioion609ofPublio。101-162wasehetimethisdisputearose，Se609prohibitedtheimportofshrimpandshrimpprodualltriesthathadifiedbythePresidentashavingadulattheiakilesintheptrawlharvestingparabletothatoftheUes。Forthepurposeofcertifi，theregulatramhadtoincludearequirementthatallercialshrimptrawlvesselsuseTEDsthatwereparableiiveEDsusedied
States。
India，Pakistan，Thailand，andMalaysiaclaimedthattheSeportbanfromifiedtriesstitutedaviolationofArticleⅪ:1。ArticleⅪ:1readsasfollows:
Noprohibitioiohaaxeses，whethermadeeffectivethroughquotas，importorexportlieasures，shallbeinstitutedormaintainedbyanygpartyoionofanyproductoftheterritoryofaragpartyoroionorsaleforexportofanyproduedfortheterritoryofaragparty。
AftergSe609，whichprohibitedimportsfromtriesainpoliditions，stitutedaviolationofArticleⅪ:1，thePanelsideredtheU。S。ArticleⅩⅩdefense。
Ⅶ。FINDINGS
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&ICLEXXGATT1994
1。Preliminaryremarks
7。24TheUesclaimsthatthemeasuresatissueadoptedpursuaion609，whichwerefoundtobeihArticlesⅪ:1GATT1994，arejustifieduicleⅩⅩ（b）and（g）ofGATT1994。India，PakistanandThailaicleⅩⅩ（b）and（g）otbeiifyameasureliestoanimalsnotwithinthejurisdiberenagthemeasure。Malaysiadsthat，siion609allowstheUestotakeailaterallytoserveasharednaturalresource，itisthereforeihesntyprinderiionallaw。TheUesrespondsthatArticleⅩⅩ（b）and（g）ojurisdiitations，norlimitatioionoftheanimalsorobeprotedservedandthat，undergeneralpriernatitherighttulateimportswithintheirjurisdi。
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7。26TheargumeiesraisethegeioicleⅩⅩ（b）and（g）applyatallwheakenameasureismarketfivenprodutheadoptioaiioheexpMember（s）。Weiaeattheservatioionoftheehesametime，byagtheWTOAgreemethemselvestoobligationswhichlimittheirrighttoadoptmeasures。WethereforesideritimportaermiwhetherthescopeofArtieasureswherebyaMembersaarketfivenprodutheadoptioaiioheexpMember（s）。
7。27PursuanttoArticle3。2oftheDSUandinaceellateBodydes，weshould，whentryingtoclarifythescopeofArticleⅩⅩ，haverearyrulesofiionofpubliationallaw。Weicle31（1）oftheVieioreaties（1969）（hereafterthe“Vieion”）providesthat:
“Atreatyshallbeiedingoodfaithinacewiththetobegiveermsofthetreatyiextaofitsobjedpurpose”。
Therefore，iermihescopeofArticleⅩⅩ，itisootoheir，butalsotheirdtheobjedpurposeofGATT1994aOAgreementitself。
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2。ChapeauofArticleⅩⅩ
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7。33IoapplyArtithiscase，wemust，asmentionedinparagraph7。27above，iiicle31（1）oftheVieioicularly，thechapeauofArticleⅩⅩmustbeihebasisoftheofitsterms，iextaoftheobjedpurposeofGATT1994aOAgreement。
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7。35…Article31（2）oftheVieiohetextforthepurposeoftreatyiioextoftheagreement，ingitspreambleahesametokeheobjedpurposeofaimpliesaiooftheagreementandofitspreamble。tly，wesiderthatthetextofthechapeauofArtiihatofArticleⅩⅩasawhole。Furthermore，astheWTOAgreementisaedsystemingGATT1994，weshallsiderasthetextofthedofArticleⅩⅩasawholenotoherrelevantprovisionsofGATT1994togetherwithitspreambleaalsotheWTOAgreement，ingitspreambleanditsotherahesamereasoaobesideredisnotonlythatofGATT1994，butthatoftheWTOAgreementasawhole。
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