On9July2004,USsaioer“USeistoinewguidelinesspecificfor“coveredcases”withiegories”ofmerdise。TheEBRhasbeenimposedpursuaomsBoive99-3510-004uideliingBondAmountsissuedon23July1991(the“1991sBoive”),asameheAmeoBoive99-3510-004forMerdiseSubjepingtervailingCases(hereafterthe“July2004Amehedotitled“ClarifitoJuly92004AmearyGuideliingBondAmountsforSpecialerdiseSubjepingandDutyCases”(hereafterthe“August2005Clarifi”),thedotitled“ulas”postedbyUSsoeon24January2005(hereafter“ulas”),aicepublishediedStatesFederalRegisterearyGuideliingBondAmountsforImportatiooEnhangRequiremehe“October2006heJuly2004AmeheAugust2005Clarifi,thedotulasaober2006Noticeisreferredtocollectivelyasthe“AmendedCBD”。USshasidentifiedasaprimaryobjectiveofthedirective,“uedvigilaoeionofallappropriateanti-dumpingandtervailingduties。”On1February2005,USehrespeportsoffrozenwarmwatershrimpsubjepingduties(hereafter“subjectshrimp”)。Priorto1February2005,theUeshadalsoseinningon6August2004,ofwhich12importersfurnishedenhands。Todate,“agricultureaquaculturemerdise”istheonlymerdisedesignatedasa“specialcategory”and“shrimpcoveredbyanti-dumpingdutycases”istlytheonly“coveredcase”desighiureaquaculturecategory。
AgtotheUes,theEBRinbinationositsisimposedtoeofanti-dumpingdutiesurospectivedutyassessmentsystem。
FollolioftheEBR,subjectshrimpimportershavefaifitlyhighersecurityobligationsthaoentermerdise。
Is:
IhePaofindthatthelaws,rulesaioedStatesthatauthorizetheimpositioheisprisingtheAmendedtassuchwiththeprovisionsofAnti-DumpiheGATT1994,SCMAgreemeOAgreement。
Forthesamereasons,IndiaalsorequeststhePaofindthattheEBRasappliedtoimportsofshrimpfromIndiaisiheprovisioi-DumpiheGATT1994。
Agly,IthePaotheDSBinacewithArticle19。1oftheDSUthattheUesbringsitsmeasuresintoitywiththeprovisioi-Dumpi,SCMAgreeme1994withinareasoime。
aions
1。ThePaIndia'sclaimsthatthelaws,rulesaioedStatesthatauthorizetheimpositioheisprisingtheAmendedtassuchwiththeprovisionsofArticles1,7。1(iii),7。2,7。4,9。1,9。2,9。3(ing9。3。1),18。1and18。4oftheAnti-Dumpiicles10,17。1(c),17。2,17。4,19。2,19。3,19。4and32。1oftheSCMAgreement;ArticlesⅥ:2andⅥ:3oftheGATT1994;aethereto。
2。ThePanelupholdIndia'sclaimsthat:
(i)theapplioftheEBRtosubjectshrimpfromIndiaisihArtid18。1oftheAnti-DumpiheAd
(ii)theapplioftheEBRtosubjectshrimpfromIndiapriortotheimpositioi-dumpingorderisihArticle7。2oftheAnti-Dumpihat
(iii)theUesviolatedArticle18。5oftheAnti-DumpiandArtiAgreemefailedtonotifytheAmeotheAnti-DumpingandSittees;
3。ThePaoruleseparatelyonIndia'sclaimsthat:
(i)theapplioftheEBRtosubjectshrimpfromIndiapriortotheimpositioi-dumpingorderisihArticles7。1(iii),7。4and7。5oftheAnti-Dumpi
(ii)theapplioftheEBRtosubjectshrimpfromIndiaisihArticlesⅠ:1,ArticleⅡ:1(a)and(b),Ⅹ(3)(a),Ⅺ:1andⅩⅢoftheGATT1994;andthat
(iii)thelaws,rulesaioedStatesthatauthorizetheimpositioheisprisingtheAmendedtassuchwithArticlesⅠ:1,ArticleⅡ:1(a)and(b),Ⅹ(3)(a),Ⅺ:1andⅩⅢoftheGATT1994
4。Uicle3。8oftheDSU,ihereisiheobligationsassumedunderacreemeionissideredprimafastituteaullifiesuagreement。Agly,ThePanelcludesthattotheexteedStateshasasistentlywiththeprovisioi-DumpiheGATT1994,ithasnullifiedorimpairedbesagtoIndiathereunder。
5。Article19。1oftheDSUisexpligthereendatioomakeiermiameasureisihacreement:
ItshallreendthattheMemberedbrioitywiththatagreement。
6。ThePahereforereendthattheUesbrioitywithitsobligatioi-DumpiheGATT1994。
&ions:
1。lioftheEBRtosubjectshrimpfromIndiatwithArtid18。1oftheAnti-Dumpi?Andwhy?
2。WhydidthePaIndia'sclaimsthatthelawsoftheUesatissuewereiheprovisioi-DumpiheSCMAgreement?
【复习思考题】
1。贸易救济措施的含义和主要类型。
2。倾销的确定及救济措施。
3。补贴与反补贴制度的主要内容。
4。试述保障措施法律制度的实施条件。
5。如何理解和评价WTO贸易救济制度?
[1]苑涛:《解读WTO“贸易救济措施”》,TO-znufe。。articlesho?tId=1676,2012年2月25日访问。
[2]王晶:《WTO贸易救济措施与战略性贸易政策》,载《世界贸易组织动态与研究》,2006(10)。