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Section 2 Types of Data Gathering Instruments（第2页）

StruterviewDesign

Oingusefulresearchisgatheringreliableinformation。Andthebasisfthatisdesigietthekindofinformationfromwhichthereseardrawvalids。Thispartlooksatsomeofthebasigblocksofastruterview，pointsoutpotentialpitfalls，aswaysfortheresearchertoavoidthem，ioproduceasetofquestionsthathavethebestpossibilityreliable，accuratedataoopiterest。

1。Somebasicterms

&hingthatanewreseareedstoknowissomestandardterminology。Thiskhatpersoherceptstobeishimorherinapositiontouhmoreexperiehedise。

·Struterview—OusesaDataent（DCI）togatherdata，eitherbytelephoofaastruterview，theevaluatorasksthesamequestionsofnumerousindividualsinapreer，eadividualthesamesetofpossibleresponses。（Intrast，anuerviewanyopeionsthatarenotaskediructured>

·puter-assistedtelephoerview（oftelephoerviewwheretheDCIisstoredinaputeraerviewerrecordsrespootheputer。

2。Designingastruterview

&epiheioformulatethebroadoverallquestionsthatthesurveyisioanswer，i。e。

·Whyisthestudybeiaken?

·Whatdoesthestudyaimtolearermine?

&askistotrahebroadoverallquestionsintomeasurableelementsashypothesesormoreprecisequestions。

&argetpopulatioobeidentified。Ifputer-assistedmathinstruewonlytradeorschool，eedstobetakentoiheparentswhosehavebeehepre。Itmaysoundbasiumerablestudieshaveproceededtounsatisfapletionbecauseofisiderationofthisaspect。

udyproceedtothedevelopmentofapoolofspecifisdesighedesiredinformation。Thenumberofquestionsdevelopedshouldbemorethaobeasked;theappropriateandusefulbeselethoseavailable。

3。posingappropriatequestions

Threemaifappropriatequestions:relevaionoftheproperrespos，ease。

·Relevaionsshouldbedirectlyrelatedtothepurposeofthestudyandhaveagoodprobabilityofyieldingthekindofdatadesired。

&ios—Eventhoughaquestiotothestudy，itmaynotbeahepeopletowhomit>

·Easeofrespoiooberelativelyeasytoanswerandshouldeembarrassmentfororanuheinterviewee。

&iionformat

Importaionsindetheformatofquestiohequestionistobedelivered（mail，telephooface），thetypeofinformatioisexpectedtoprovide，andthepossiblealternativeresponses。Makingthesedeswillresultiionofopen-ended，fill-in-theblank，binary-choice，scaledresponse，orunscaled-respoions。Ofcourse，dependiypeofinformatioruterviewquestienerallyhaveabinatioypesofquestions。

·Open-ended—Be-eioructurefortheaheyshouldbetightlyfocusedtoelicitthekindofinformationthereseartstoget。Aheyrequireadtime-ingtrans，theiruseshouldbelimitedtoinitialresearchwherethenumberofresposissmallaistorefiheresearchdireddeterminemoreprecisequestionsthatbestruother>

·Fill-ihistypeofquestionhasasimpleanswer，usuallyaname，frequency，orquantity，whichisthekindofinformatioioodatobtaining。

·Binary—Thesearegoodforobtainingfaationthatfallsirue-falsecategoryofanswer。

·Scaled-respoofalistofalterhatincreaseordeiyinanorderedfashion。Thesekiioherdefinedasbalanbalandratingandranking。

·Unscaled-respohistypeofquestioisaskedtooreoptionsfromalist;thisisthetypeofquestionthatshouldihercategorysothattherespoforcedtoseleshichheorsheisisfied。

Activity2-1:Findingoutthesimilaritiesaweentwhods

&heseagainandworkwithyourclassmatestofindtheonalitiesaweewhods:questioruterview。Thenfinishthefollo>

Activity2-2:Regthepurpthequestionnaire

&heseick“√”aftereacewhichistrueaboutthepurpthequestionnaire。Makehelpedyoureachyourde。