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Text B The Nobility of Work（第1页）

TextBTheNobilityofWork

—fromPastaer4ofBookⅢ）

ThomasCarlyle

Allwork，even-spinning，isnoble;workisaloheresaidaedondiooalldignityispainful;alifeofeaseisnotforanyman，nod。ThelifeofallgodsfiguresitselftousasaSublimeSadnessofIleagainstInfiniteLabhestreligiohe‘WorshipofSorrow。’Forthesonofmanthereisnonoble，wellworn，orevenillworn，butisaofthorhings，inspokenwords，orstillbetter，iinctsalivei，wereonown。

&hewholewretess，thewholeAtheismasIan’sways，iions，shadowitselfforusinthatunspeakableLife-philosophyofhis:Thepretensiohecalls“happy”?Everypitifulestwhipsterthatwalkswithinaskinhashisheadfilledwiththenotionthatheis，shallbe，orbyallhumananddivinelawsoughttobe，“happy”。Hiswishes，thepitifulestwhipster’s，aretobefulfilledforhim;hisdays，thepitifulestwhipster’s，aretofloweofe，impossibleeveheprophetspreachtous，Thoushaltbehappy;thoushaltlovepleasantthings，andfihepeopleclamor，whyhavewenotfouhings?

&ructourtheoryofHumao-NoblenessPrineversomistaken;no，buto-HappinessPrihewordSoulwithus，asinsomeSlavos，seemstobesynonymousleadandspeak，inourParliamentsaasfromtheSoul，butfromtheStomach;—wherefore，indeed，saresoslowtoprofit。Wepleadnod’sjustice;weareandgandpleadingforourows”，ourowrade-profits;wesay。Theyarethe“is”ofsomany;thereissuteheminus!Wedemarade，withmuchjustvoandbehepoorerclasses，whoareterriblyill-offatpresent，mayhaveew-Orleansbaenaskoradeplatforms，howdomitablespiritofEupwithoutplentyofba?Weshallbeearuiion!—surely，myfrieyofbaisgoodandindispe，Idoubt，youwillevenbaingonlyatthat。Youaremen，notanimalsofprey，well-usedorill-used!Yreatest-HappinessPriomefastbeingaratheruifweshouldceasebabblingabout“happiness”，aingonitsownbasis，asitusedtodo!

AgiftedByronrisesinhiswrath;aoosurelythatheforhispartisnot“happy”，declaresthesameinveryviolentlanguage，asapieewsthatmaybeievidentlyhassurprisedhimmuedislikestoseeamareduossugs:butonthewhole，asmattersgo，thatisdislikable。Byroruthinthismatter。Byreaudieeshowtrueitisfelttobe。

“Happy”，mybrother?Firstofall，whatdifferewhetherthouarthappyornot!TodaybeesYesterdaysofast，allTomorrowsbeeYesterdays;ahereisiohe“happiquiteaion。Nay，thouhastsuchasacredpityleftatleastforthyself，thyverypainsooYesterdaybeejoystothee。Besides，thoukwhatheavenlyblessednessandindispeivevirtuewasihoushaltonlyknowitaftermanydays，whenthouartwiser!—Abeeonsatonpany，atientfallensiandizing，whomhehadjust，toobrieflyi’sjudgment，beenexamining。ThefoolishPatientstillatintervalsuedtobreakinonourdiscourse，romisedtotakeaphilosophi:“ButIhavelostmyappetite，”saidhe，ate，withatoatedpathos;“Ihavee;I’teat!”—“Mydearfellow，”aheDoildesttoisestduedhisphilosophicaldisgwithus!

&ionsfordis。

1）Whydidtheauthorsay“Allwork，even-spinning，isnoble”?

2）Whydidtheauthorsay“alifeofeaseisnotforanyman，nod”?

3）Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoainsandharshobearinwork?

4）Whodothe“pitifulestwhipsters”referto?

5）HowdidwestructourtheoryofHumanDuties？

6）WhatareGreatest-NoblenessPrindGreatest-HappinessPrindwhatarethedifferewo?

7）WhydidByronriseupinwrath，agtotheauthor?

8）Whatistherelatioiime?

&herthefollowirue（T）orfalse（F）。

____1）Inthebeginniheauthordetermialthoughworkisyshuspains。

____2）Odifferehemortalsandthegodsliesierenjoysalifeofease。

____3）Thesadhe“ile”agaielabor”issublime。

____4）Thepreseionsisdiscussedbytheauthorinthesedparagraphathy。

____5）Theceptofhappihesegeionsisnothingbutshallowpretension。

____6）Thepreseioisfiedwiththeirlives，becausetheyhavealreadyfoundthe“pleasantthings”。

____7）Theroma，Byron，wasagainstthiskindofshalloinessinhispoems。

____8）Agtotheauthor，peopleshouldstructthetheoryofdutieshappinessprihegreatnoblenessprinciple。

ProperNames

Monmouthshire蒙茅斯郡

Slavonic斯拉夫人的，斯拉夫语

NewOrleans新奥尔良

Byron拜伦

Notes

1。Analytietimesanalyticalphilosophy）:ItisageermforastyleofphilosophythatinateEnglish-speakingtriesihtheUes，UnitedKingdom，ada，Savia，Australia，ahemajorityofuyphilosophydepartmehemselvesas“as。

2。PastaisabookbyThomasCarlylepublishedinApril1843inEnglandandinMayiedStates。Itedievalhistorywithcriticismof19thturyBritishsociety。Itwaswritteninsevenitefrlabwell。In1842，theSocietyhadpublishedtheiclesoftheAbbeyofSaintEdmund’sBury，writtenbyJoofBrakelond，atthecloseofthe12thtury。ThisaedievalmoakenCarlyle’sfandhedrawsupontheiordertotrastthemonks’reverenceforworkahtheshamleadershipofhiso>

3。ThomasCarlyle（4December1795-5February1881）:HewasaScottishsatiricalwriter，essayist，historianandteagtheViera。Heics“thedismalsce”，wrotearticlesfortheEdinburghEncyclopedia，aroversialsoentator。