奇书网

Chapter Five Five Types of Essays（第1页）

ChapterFiveFiveTypesofEssays

&ionOo…）

Aprocess（howto…）isaseriesofasleadiedorplae。Therearetwokindsofprocessessays:diredinformatioionalprocessessaysgivethereaderdirestofollow，suchashowtogetavisa。Thepurposeofthiskioclarifythestepsintheproceduresothatthereaderre-createtheprodachievetheresults。Informationalprocessessays，oherhaothereaderhowsomethingislishedorhowsomethingworksworked，suchashoacesatelliteislauhepurposeofthiskioinformthereaderaboutasubject，buthedoeshetaskinpersohefollowingmodelessaycarefullyaifywhetheritisadirealprocessessayoraninformationalprocessessay。

Hoet

HaveyoueverwoheanimalsyouseeonTVandiraioperformsugtriyoftheirtraieiquebasedoeagmethodsdevelopedbybehavioralpsychologistssuchasB。ESkinudiedteiquesfdesiredbehaviorsinanimals。AnimalsbetaughtmanysophisticatedtrigSkinner'steiques。Ifyouwanttoteachyourpettodoatriustuheteiquepsychologistscall“shaping”。Shapingmeansreinfthehatyouwantte。Hereisholyhisteiquestyourpettodotricks。

Beginbymakingsomedes。Firstofall，youochooseyoursubjepiyhouseholdpet，suchasacat，parr。Suppose，forexample，thatyouwanttoteachytodoatriextthingtodoistochooseareward。Foodisusuallytheeasiestrewardtouse。Keepinmindthatinorderforfoodtobeaivereward，yhastobehungry。Don'ttrytoteaewtrickrightafterhehaseatenabigmeal。Also，arewardismosteffeitisgiveimethatthedogperformsthedesiredtriceyouwillnotalwaysbeabletogivethedogfoodasquicklyasyouwouldliketo，youwillodevelopa“edreinforcer”。Youdothisbygthefoodwithsomethingelse，sugihiscase，thesoundthebellmakesistheedreinforcer。

Youareobeginiorespooutabout40smalldogbiscuits。Tossafewofthemt，oime，atarateofaboutowobiscuitsaminute。Assoonasthedogbegihebisgthebellahrowhima。Waitaboutthirtysedtheeps。Whenythebell，dohersou。Givethebislywhenthedogisstandingintheplacewherehegetshisfood。Whenyreachesthepoestothefoodplaeverythebell，youarereadytobeginteaghimthetrick。

Atthispoiochoosethetrittoteaeasytrickisteagytorollover。Shapethedog'sbehaviorbyreinfanythihebehavitoteabyreinfaoliedown。Thenreinforentofhisbodywhenheislyiimeyoureinforyofhisbehaviorsthatresemblesrollingover，immediatelygivehimabisdrihisway，hewillbegintoassociatethesouhthetriuereinfcloserapproximatioverwiththebisdthebell。Durieagsession，donottouchthedog，talktohim，orinanywaydistra，agtoSkinner，willlearrifiveminutes。

Asyousee，totraiodoatriatterofalittletimea。Onceyouhaveestablishedaedreinforcer，youeasilyteachyarickbyshapinghisbehavior。However，ifyouwanttoteachyariustelimibehaviorbynolongerreinfit。Eventually，hewillstoveraolearhingnew。

'sreadaprocessessaywrittenbyaesestudent。

HowtoSurviveinCollege

Peopleareusedtcollegesasparadiseiionowmas'tenjoyahappylifeinsuchagoode。Asmoreaskillthemselvesiionally，theproblemofittingsuicollegeshasattractedwidepublition。Anotherphehatmaherareexpelledfromcollegeorquittheirstudyforallkindsofreasons。Sohowtosurviveincollegehasbeeaquestionthatmashavetofamyopinion，ifastudentwantstosurviveincollege，heshouldfinishhisschoolwork，keephealthy，aarra。

&oppriorityforstudentstodoiolearntheircourseswell。Theschoolworkisuhemostfualandimportantforstudents。Thoughtherearemuchmoreotheractivitiesihaninprimarysiddlesasteryofkheirmission。Theyshouldneverbepepoundfoolish。Besidesthat，thesecourseshelplayasolidfoundatioure。Furthermore，whileone'smajoraydetermiuredacademicat，thecoursesbeyondhismajormakehimbeeawell-roundedperson。Ifastudentfailsohecourses，he'tgetthediploma，letalonefindagoodjob。So，tosurviveiudentshudies。

Inadditiontoschestudentsmuststayhealthyphysidmentally。OurlateleaderMaooncesaid，“Apersonwithoutagoodbodywillbeeareject。”Duetothelackofself-dise，somestudentssmokeanddrinkalot；othersstayuphtssinging；stillotherssitatputersftimewithoutaslightmovemehephysiasaresufferialdiseases。Forexample，collegestudeedwithvariousstresses:academidpersonal。Tomakemattersworse，mostofthestudentsnowadaysone-childfamily。Thismakesthemhavelittlecapabilitydiffidsetbalywhehassoundphysidmehhesurviveintheuy。

Lastbut，collegestudentsshouldmakegoodplans。First，studentsshetheirfreetimereasonably。Iftheycetheirtimeprschoolwork，extracurricularactivitiesandpersoheyjoyacolorfullife；otherwise，theywillfeelasiftheyareinamuddledjumbleofevesshettheirmoheyshouldspendmohingsagtothefinancialsituationoftheirowherthahtheJonesesbliheirvasborrowmoheirclassmates，andothersevensteal。Asaresult，someofthemendupinprison。

Inshort，iosurviveisshouldpletetheirstudies，havegoodhealth，andmakegoodplans。Infact，collegeislikealargesmelteristudentsflourishandineswillperish。Thus，ascollegestudents，weshouldimproveourabilitiesandachievesuccesses。Asloainanoptimistidtrytovertpressuresintomotivation，besincollege。

******

Towritearocessessay，youshouldfollowtheguidelinesbelow。

1。Stateyourstepsinalogidicalorder。Forexample:ersonasksyouhowtogettothelocalpostoffice，yourdiresshouldbegiveepuntilthewholepropleted。Donotomitanysteps，nomatterhowseeminglyinsignifit。Ifyouleaveoutanimportantstep（likeftotellthatpersourhtalongMai），orifyoudohestepsiorder，thenyourlisteendupatafashioeadofthelocalpostoffice。

2。Groupyourstepsis。Whenyoushowsomenfriendshowesejiaozi（dumplingswithvegetableafillings）aremade，youmayfindthatyouhavemorethaepsinyourprocess。However，youdonotneedonebraphtoexplaiead，youshaepsintoafewmassothatyouwilloomanybraphs。Here，thestepsofmakingjiaozibeperfectlygroupedinterunits，eachofwhiesabraph:

&heis

a。maketheerdoughfromflourand>

b。makethefilliable，meat，etc。）

c。rolloutthejiaozierswitharollingstick

d。placethefillingsintotheersandfold

B。cookthejiaozi

a。putsomejiaoziintoboiling>

b。stirthosejiaozi

ecoldwatertotheboiling>

d。stirthosejiaoziagaiheaaes）

&hejiaozi

a。putsomevinegarinone'so>

&apairofchopsticks

c。putthosecookedjiaoziintoabigplate

d。dipeachjiaoziintothevinegara

&hreetofivebraphsshouldbeenoughformostprocessessaysbecauseyasimplywritingalistofstepsorinstrusasyouebook（菜谱）。

3。Writeaclearlystatedthesisstatement。Ifyouhavegroupedamulti-stepprotoafewbiggerunits，youstillpresentthemainpoihesisstatement:

Ioinviteyoajiaoziparty，youshouldfollowthesethreesteps:preparetheis，cookthejiaozi，ahejiaozi。

Note:Ifaproplicatedthatyouotgroupthestepsintoafewbiggerunits，youliedthesisstatement: