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第55章 弗吉尼亚权利法案 1（第1页）

第55章弗吉尼亚权利法案（1）

Virgiihts

乔治·梅森GeeMason

乔治·梅森（1725—1792），一位历史人物，他在两百多年前为美国的独立做出了重要贡献。最近，一座乔治·梅森的坐式铜像在美国首都华盛顿市中心树立起来，以纪念这位以倡导人权、促成被称为人权法案的美国宪法修正案的通过而名垂青史的政治家、思想家。

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&hesenewwordsbeforeyoureadthisarticle。

1。amenableadj。易控制的，顺从的；愿接受的

2。maladministrationn。暴政，乱政

3。militian。民兵组织，民兵

4。magistraten。地方法官，治安官

5。desdibleadj。可遗传的

IThatallmeureequallyfreea，aais，ofwhitheyeoastateofsociety，theyot，byanypact，depriveordivesttheirposterity；heeoflifeahthemeansandpossessiy，andpursuingandobtaininghappinessay。

IIThatallpowerisvestedin，alyderivedfrom，thepeople；thatmagistratesaretheirtrusteesas，andatalltimesamehem。

IIIThatgoveris，httobe，iheoedsecurityofthepeople，nationorunity；ofallthevariousmodesandfoverisbest，whichiscapablethegreatestdegreeofhappinessayandismosteffectuallysecuredagainstthedangerofmaladministration；andthat，wheneverashallbefoueortrarytothesepurposes，amajorityoftheunityhathanindubitable，unalienable，andindefeasiblerighttoreform，alterorabolishit，insuerasshallbejudgedmostducivetothepublic>

IVThatnomaofmeoexclusiveorseparateemolumentsesfromtheunity，butiionofpublicservices；whiotbeingdesdible，heoffiagistrate，legislatebehereditary。

VThatthelegislativeaivepowersofthestateshouldbeseparateanddistinthejudid，thatthemembersofthetwofirstmayberestrainedfromoppressionbyfeelingandpartigtheburthensofthepeople，theyshould，atfixedperiods，bereducedtoaprivatestatioothatbodyfromwhichtheywereihevaciesbesuppliedbyfrequeain，andregularelewhichall，oranypartoftheformermembers，tobeagaineligible，ible，asthelawsshalldirect。

VIThateleberstoserveasrepresehepeopleinassemblyoughttobefree；andthatallmen，havingsuffitevideoh，andattamuherighteandotbetaxedordeprivedoftheirpropertyforpublicuseswithouttheirowhatoftheirrepresentativessoeleorboundbyanylawtowhichtheyhavenot，inlikemaed，forthepublicgood。

VIIThatallpowerofsuspendinglaws，ortheexeoflaws，byanyauthoritywithouttoftherepresehepeopleisinjuriousthtsandoughtnottobeexercised。

VIIIThatinalliionsamanhatharighttodemandthednatureofhisatobetedwiththeadwitocallforevidenhisfavor，andtoaspeedytrialbyanimpartialjuryofhisviage，withoutwhoseunanimoustheotbefoundguilty，norhebepelledtogiveevidehimself；thatnomanbedeprivedofhislibertyexceptbythelawofthelandementofhispeers。

IXThatexcessivebailoughtnottoberequired，norexcessivefinesimposed；nordunusualpusinflicted。

XThatgeneralwarrants，wherebyanyermaybeaosearchsuspectedplaceswithoutevidenceofafaitted，ortoseizeanypersonamed，orwhoseoffeparticularlydesdsupportedbyevidence，aregrievousandoppressiveandoughted。

XIThatintrpropertyandiweenmanandmatrialbyjuryispreferabletoanyhttobeheldsacred。